brainstem and respiration), each of which has a maximal score of 4. In contrast to the GCS, verbal response is not a component of the FOUR score, making it fully applicable in intubated patients.

One criticism of the GCS is that the summed score does not always provide an accurate depiction of a patient's condition. For example, the verbal score, particularly in trauma patients ...

A second area of research is to explore the validity of the GCS. The fact that the reviewed studies found the motor score to perform similarly to the summed GCS score indicates that the total GCS ...