A volcano is a vent or fissure in the crust of a planetary-mass object, such as Earth, that allows hot lava, volcanic ash, and gases to escape from a magma chamber below the surface. [1]

Volcanoes are openings, or vents where lava, tephra (small rocks), and steam erupt onto the Earth's surface. Volcanic eruptions can last days, months, or even years.

Mar 26, 2026 · Volcano, vent in the crust of Earth or another planet or satellite, from which issue eruptions of molten rock, hot rock fragments, and hot gases. The term volcano can also refer to the …

Sep 19, 2024 · Volcanic processes consist of all natural volcano-related activity that happens on volcanic landforms. Volcanic eruptions range from effusive emissions of lava flows to highly …

Jul 10, 2025 · Volcanoes are Earth’s geologic architects. They’ve created more than 80 percent of our planet’s surface, laying the foundation that has allowed life to thrive. Their explosive force crafts...

Articles, facts, information and photos for volcanoes and volcanic activity. | Geology.com

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Apr 22, 2024 · Know how to prepare for and protect yourself during and after volcanic eruptions.

Volcanic "bombs" are chunks of semimolten lava that fly out of a volcano and solidify as they land. They're often flung miles from the volcanic crater.

Aug 1, 2025 · Learn about volcanic eruptions and the science of volcanoes. Get details on Smithsonian research into what volcanoes reveal about Earth’s interior.